What is the main function of a network switch?

The primary function of a network switch is to connect devices within a Local Area Network (LAN). A switch operates at the Data Link layer (Layer 2) of the OSI model, allowing it to receive, process, and forward data to the destination device on the same network. It does this by using MAC addresses to identify devices, ensuring that data packets are sent only to the intended recipient, which enhances the efficiency and bandwidth utilization of the network.

This localized connection capability allows multiple devices, such as computers, printers, and servers, to communicate effectively within the same physical network, facilitating resource sharing and communication without the need for all network traffic to be sent to every device. The ability to operate in this manner is fundamental to building a functional and efficient network infrastructure.