What is the primary function of a switch in a network?

The primary function of a switch in a network is to filter traffic and connect devices effectively. Switches operate at the data link layer (Layer 2) of the OSI model, managing the flow of data packets between devices on a local area network (LAN). They do this by using MAC addresses to determine the specific destination of data packets and forwarding them only to the intended recipient device. This intelligent filtering reduces unnecessary traffic on the network, improving overall performance and efficiency.

In contrast, routing data packets is primarily the role of routers, which operate at Layer 3 of the OSI model, directing packets between different networks rather than within a single local network. Amplifying signals is related to the functionality of network extenders or repeaters, which boost signal strength to extend transmission distances. Converting signals between different media tends to fall under the responsibility of devices like media converters or gateways, which facilitate communication between different types of networks or physical media. Thus, the role of a switch is distinctly focused on connecting devices and efficiently managing the traffic between them within a local network.