What is the primary function of a firewall in network security?

The primary function of a firewall in network security is to monitor and control network traffic. Firewalls act as a barrier between trusted internal networks and untrusted external networks, filtering incoming and outgoing traffic based on defined security rules. By examining packets of data that are attempting to enter or leave the network, firewalls can block unauthorized access attempts and malicious activities while allowing legitimate traffic.

This function is critical in defending against various network threats by establishing a set of policies that determine what traffic is permitted or denied. Firewalls can operate at different levels of the network stack and can be configured to monitor specific types of data or applications, making them a key component in maintaining the overall security posture of a network.

In contrast, enhancing network speed and efficiency, storing data securely in the cloud, and increasing signal strength in wireless networks are not primary functions of a firewall. While a firewall can contribute to network management, its core purpose is fundamentally about controlling and securing traffic rather than improving performance or cloud storage capabilities.