Which network topology connects all nodes using a single cable or conductor?

The bus topology connects all nodes using a single cable or conductor, which acts as a shared communication medium. In this configuration, data packets are transmitted along the cable, and each node on the network reads the data as it passes by. If a node wants to send a message, it broadcasts that message onto the bus, and the message continues until it reaches the intended recipient or the end of the bus. This type of topology is simple and cost-effective to implement, making it straightforward for small networks.

In addition, whenever a device on this topology needs to communicate, the data travels in both directions along the cable until it finds its destination. However, a significant vulnerability of the bus topology arises from its reliance on a single cable; if that cable fails, the entire network becomes inoperative. Overall, bus topology is well-suited for small networks where ease of setup and minimal cable lengths are desired.