Which term refers to a set of rules that controls communication between two nodes?

The term that refers to a set of rules that controls communication between two nodes is "Protocol." In telecommunications and computer networking, a protocol establishes the rules and conventions for data exchange, ensuring that systems can communicate effectively. Protocols define things like how data packets are formatted, how to initiate and terminate a connection, and error handling mechanisms.

Protocols are critical in various layers of communication systems, such as the Internet Protocol (IP) for addressing and routing packets, and the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) for ensuring reliable data transmission. By clearly specifying these rules, protocols enable devices from different manufacturers and with different architectures to communicate successfully, fostering interoperability within networks.

In contrast, standards provide a broader set of agreed-upon specifications across different areas, while specifications detail particular requirements or features of a protocol. Frameworks are typically a structural guide that organizes various concepts or systems but do not solely define the rules for communication between nodes.