Which type of fiber-optic cable has a smaller core diameter and can carry light farther with less attenuation?

Single-mode fiber-optic cable features a smaller core diameter, typically around 8 to 10 microns, allowing it to carry light over longer distances with minimal attenuation. This capability stems from its design, which permits only one mode of light to propagate through the core. As a result, single-mode fiber is less susceptible to modal dispersion, a phenomenon that affects multimode fibers where multiple light modes can cause signal degradation over longer distances.

In addition to its extended range, single-mode fiber is ideal for high-bandwidth applications, often used in telecommunications, long-haul networks, and connections between buildings in campus environments. Its ability to maintain signal integrity over great distances makes it the preferred choice for many modern communication systems.